Centrifugal pump catalogue pdf

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Document Information click to expand document information Description: This tutorial is intended for anyone that has an interest in centrifugal pumps.

Did you find this document useful? Is this content inappropriate? Report this Document. Description: This tutorial is intended for anyone that has an interest in centrifugal pumps. Flag for inappropriate content. Download now. Related titles. Carousel Previous Carousel Next. Vibraciones diferencias entre acusticas e inducidas por flujo. Jump to Page.

Search inside document. PUMP E-maltjchauretto tudedesign. What is friction in a pump system Energy and head in pump systems. Static head. Flow rate depends on elevation difference or static head Flow rate depends on fri n. Foreword This tutorial is intended for anyone that has an interest in centrifugal pumps. There is no math, just simple explanations of how pump systems work and how to select a centrifugal pump. For those who want to do detail calculations, some examples have been included in the appendices.

This tutorial answers the following questions: - What are the important characteristics of a pump system? And what is the optimal operating point of a centrifugal pump? Different types of pump systems There are many types of centrifugal pump systems.

Figure 1 shows a typical industrial pump system. There are many variations on this including all kinds of equipment that can be hooked up to these systems that are not shown.

Back in the old days domestic water supply was simpler Goodnight John boy The system in Figure 2 is a typical domestic water supply system that takes it's water from a shallow well 25 feet down max. Figure 2 Typical residential pump system. Tark 2. Pimp Figure 3b Another representation of a typical residential deep well pump system.

Three important characteristics of pump systems: pressure, friction and flow Figure 4 Three important characteristics of pump systems. Pressure, friction and flow are three important characteristics of a pump system. Pressure is the driving force responsible for the movement of the fluid. Friction is the force that slows down fluid particles.

Flow rate is the amount of volume that is displaced er unit time. From now on will just use gallons per minute or gpm. In the Imperial system of measurement, the unit psig or pounds per square inch gauge is used, it means that the pressure measurement is relative to the local atmospheric pressure, so that 5 psig is 5 psi above the local atmospheric pressure. The kPa unit scale is intended to be a scale of absolute pressure measurement and there is no kPag, but many people use the kPa as a relative measurement to the local atmosphere and don't bother to specify this.

This is not a fault of the metric system but the way people use it. The term pressure loss or pressure drop is often used, this refers to the decrease in pressure in the system due to friction. Ina pipe or tube that is at the same level, your garden hose for example, the pressure is high at the tap and zero at the hose outlet, this decrease in pressure is due to friction and is, the pressure loss.

As an example of the use of pressure and flow units, the pressure available to domestic, water systems varies greatly depending on your location with respect to the water treatment plant. It can vary between 30 and 70 psi or more.

The following table gives the expected flow rate that you would obtain for different pipe sizes assuming the pipe or tube is kept at the same level as the connection to the main water pressure supply and has a feet of length see Figure 4a. Flow rate based on available pressure and pipe size Nom. Pressure is increased when fluid particles are forced closer together. For example, in a fire extinguisher work or energy has been spent to pressurize the liquid chemical within, that energy can be stored and used later.

Is it possible to pressurize a liquid within a container that is open? A good example is a syringe, as you push down on the plunger the pressure increases, and the harder you have to push. There is enough friction as the fluid moves through the needle to produce a great deal of pressure in the body of the syringe. What fri nin a pump system Friction is always present, even in fluids, its the force that resists the movement of objects.

When you move a solid on a hard surface, there is friction between the object and the surface. If you put wheels on it, there will be less friction. In the case of moving fluids such as water, there is even less friction but it can become significant for long pipes. Friction can be also be high for short pipes which have a high flow rate and small diameter as in the syringe example.

In fluids, friction occurs between fluid layers that are traveling at different velocities within the pipe see Figure 8.

There is a natural tendency for the fluid velocity to be higher in the center of the pipe than near the wall of the pipe. Friction will also be high for viscous fluids and fluids with suspended particles. Another cause of friction is the interaction of the fluid with the pipe wall, the rougher the pipe, the higher the friction.

The amount of energy required to overcome the total friction loss within the system has to be supplied by the pump if you want to achieve the required flow rate. In industrial systems, friction is not normally a large part of a pump's energy output. If it becomes much higher then you should examine the system to see if the pipes are too small. Another cause of friction are the fittings elbows, tees, y's, etc required to get the fluid from point A to B.

Each one has a particular effect on the fluid streamlines. For example in the case of the elbow see Figure 9 , the fluid streamlines that are closest to the tight inner radius of the elbow lift off from the pipe surface forming small vortexes that consume energy.

This energy loss is small for one elbow but if you have several elbows and other fitings it can become significant. Figure 9 Streamiline flow patterns for typical fittings such an elbow and a tee. Pressure is produced at the bottom of the reservoir because the liquid fills up the container completely and its weight produces a force that is distributed over a surface which is pressure. This type of pressure is called static pressure.

Pressure energy is the energy that builds up when liquid or gas particles are moved slightly closer to each other. A good example is a fire extinguisher, work was done to get the liquid into the container and then to pressurize it. Once the container is closed the pressure energy is available for later use. Any time you have liquid in a container, even one that is not pressurized, you will have pressure at the bottom due to the liquid's weight, this is known as static pressure, Elevation energy is the energy that is available to a liquid when itis at a certain height.

If you let it discharge it can drive something useful like a turbine producing electricity Friction energy is the energy that is lost to the environment due to the movement of the liquid through pipes and fittings in the system. Velocity energy is the energy that moving objects have. When a pitcher throws a baseball he gives it velocity energy.

When water comes out of a garden hose, it has velocity energy. DYNAMIC Figure 10 The relationship between height, pressure and velocity In the figure above we see a tank full of water, a tube full of water and a cyclist at the top of a hill.

The tank produces pressure at the bottom and so does the tube. The cyclist has, elevation energy that he will be using as soon as he moves. The same thing happens with the tube. In the case of the cyclist, the elevation energy is gradually converted to velocity energy. The three forms of energy: elevation, pressure and velocity interact with each other in liquids.

The energy that the pump must supply is the friction energy plus the difference in height that the liquid must be raised to which is the elevation energy. You are probably thinking where is the velocity energy in all this. Well ifthe liquid comes out of the system at high velocity then we would have to consider it but this is not a typical situation and we can neglect this for the systems discussed in this article, The last word on this topic, itis actually the velocity energy difference that we would need to consider.

In Figure 11 the velocities at point 1 and point 2 are the result of the position of the fluid particles at points 1 and 2 and the action of the pump. This website uses cookies. We use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features and to analyse our traffic. However, blocking some types of cookies may affect your experience on the site and the services we can offer. Cookies policy page.

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